2.89 Hormones

2.89 understand the sources, roles and effects of the following hormones: ADH, adrenaline, insulin, testosterone, progesterone and oestrogen.


Hormones are chemicals secreted by glands in te body - the bloodstream transports hormones from the glands to the target organs. 

ADH 
Source: Hypothalamus (pituitary gland)
Target Organ: Kidney 
Effect: Controls water content in blood by triggering uptake of water in the kidneys. 

Adrenaline: (the 'fight or flight' hormone)
Source: Adrenal Gland (above the kidney)
Target: Vital organs eg: liver + heart 
Effect: prepares body for physical activity. 

InsulinSource: Made by cells in the pancreas 
Role: Stimulates the liver cells to take up glucose and convert it into glycogen, lowering the level of glucose in the blood. Effect: Lowers content of glucose in the blood.

Testosterone: Source: Testes gland
Target: Male reproductive organs 
Effect: Controls development of male secondary sexual characteristics (puberty)

ProgesteroneSource: Ovary gland 
Target: Uterus 
Effect:  Regulates menstrual cycle - maintaining the lining of the uterus.

Oestrogen Source: Ovary gland
Target: Ovaries, Uterus, Pituitary gland
Effect: Controls development of female secondary sexual characteristics